Santé canine
Calculs urinaires chez le chien : l’essentiel à connaître pour mieux accompagner votre compagnon
Les calculs urinaires (urolithes) sont fréquents chez les chiens, mais ils peuvent être traités. Ce guide explique les causes de ces calculs, la détection des symptômes et les traitements les plus récents, depuis les régimes alimentaires spécialisés jusqu'aux procédures peu invasives. Découvrez comment l'hydratation, une alimentation adaptée et un dépistage précoce peuvent contribuer à prévenir les récidives et à protéger la santé urinaire de votre chien sur le long terme.
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Et si l’alimentation pouvait protéger votre chien des douleurs articulaires ?
As an experienced veterinarian and science communicator, I've witnessed countless pet owners struggle with the heartbreak of watching their beloved dogs transform from energetic companions to pets who move cautiously and show visible discomfort. What many don't realize is that these changes often signal joint pain, specifically osteoarthritis —a condition that affects millions of dogs globally and significantly impacts their well-being. While we don't have a cure for osteoarthritis, our primary goals are to manage pain, improve mobility, and enhance your dog's overall quality of life. One of the most powerful, yet often overlooked, tools in achieving these goals sits right in your dog's food bowl: their diet . This article will explain how nutrition profoundly influences your dog's joint health and what you can do to help them live a more comfortable and active life. Summary What is canine osteoarthritis and why should you care? How your dog's weight directly impacts their joint health Why extra pounds spell trouble for joints What happens when you overfeed during puppyhood Why weight loss can transform your dog's comfort The truth about joint supplements: what works and what wastes your money Omega-3 fatty acids: the science-backed winner Glucosamine and chondroitin: popular but proven ineffective Collagen supplements: to recommend CBD for dogs: promising early results but proceed with caution Other supplements: mixed results require more research Four proven strategies to protect your dog's joints through nutrition 1. Make weight management your top priority 2. Add omega-3 fatty acids to your dog's diet 3. Avoid supplements that don't work 4. Approach new options with your pet health expert Your next steps for better joint health Looking for a solution? Start here What is canine osteoarthritis and why should you care? Osteoarthritis, often called OA, osteoarthrosis, or degenerative joint disease, is a very common musculoskeletal condition in pets. It's a progressive disease that affects the entire joint, but its most notable characteristic is the breakdown and dysfunction of the articular cartilage—the smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones in a joint and allows them to glide effortlessly. Think of the cartilage as a protective, slippery cushion between bones; in OA, this cushion starts to wear down, leading to pain and reduced mobility. This condition is far from rare. It is estimated that approximately 20% of all dogs over one year of age in North America are affected by osteoarthritis . While some cases of OA are considered "primary"—meaning the cause is unknown and often linked to aging—the most common form in dogs is "secondary" osteoarthritis. This means it develops as a result of underlying problems like injuries or developmental issues such as hip or elbow dysplasia. These underlying factors can be significantly influenced by genetics and lifestyle choices, including what and how you feed your dog. How your dog's weight directly impacts their joint health Why extra pounds spell trouble for joints One of the most critical factors impacting your dog's joint health is their weight. Obesity is a widespread health concern among dogs, affecting between 24% and 41% of the canine population . It's not just about looking a little chubby—obesity is a major risk factor for developing osteoarthritis and related joint issues. The link is straightforward: higher body weight means increased mechanical load on weight-bearing joints. This constant, excessive pressure contributes directly to the risk of joint disease. For instance, overweight dogs are nearly four times more likely to develop cruciate ligament disorders , a common cause of lameness in the hind limb (Odds Ratio 3.8). What happens when you overfeed during puppyhood Beyond the direct mechanical stress, certain dietary habits during your dog's growth and development have been identified as risk factors for hip dysplasia and subsequent osteoarthritis. Feeding dogs an unlimited amount of food ("non-restricted feeding") during these crucial growth periods can lead to rapid weight gain and increased mechanical load on their developing joints. Studies comparing littermates, where one group had unrestricted food access and the other received a restricted diet (25% less food), showed striking results. Dogs on the restricted diet not only maintained a healthier body weight but also experienced a significantly delayed onset of osteoarthritis and less severe joint disease compared to their littermates who ate freely. Furthermore, a diet high in fat has been associated with increased risk of hip and elbow disease. Why weight loss can transform your dog's comfort The good news is that weight loss can be incredibly impactful for dogs already suffering from osteoarthritis . Research clearly shows that weight reduction alone can significantly reduce lameness in obese dogs with OA. In one study, even a modest weight loss of 6.10% led to a significant improvement in subjective lameness scores, which are assessments made by an observer on a scale of severity, for example, during trotting. When dogs lost 8.85% of their body weight, we saw improvements in lameness during walking, and for dogs with front limb osteoarthritis, the balance of forces exerted on the ground during movement was restored to normal. This is particularly noteworthy because your dog's front limbs bear about 60% of their body weight, making them highly susceptible to the effects of excess weight. Overall, an impressive 82% of dogs in one study showed improvement in their lameness after losing weight . This powerful evidence underscores a vital point: maintaining a lean body condition through appropriate feeding throughout your dog's life is a fundamental step in reducing their risk of joint disease. It's a lifelong commitment that pays off in comfort and mobility for your beloved companion. The truth about joint supplements: what works and what wastes your money In addition to managing weight, many pet owners turn to natural health products or "nutraceuticals" to support their dog's joint health. These products, which you can find in various forms like tablets, powders, or special diets, are popular and are frequently recommended by veterinarians for joint conditions. However, it's important to understand that while these products are generally assessed for safety and quality, they don't always require proof of their therapeutic effectiveness before being sold. This is why evidence-based information is so crucial. A comprehensive systematic review recently analyzed numerous studies to provide clear conclusions on the clinical effectiveness of these products. Omega-3 fatty acids: the science-backed winner When it comes to effectiveness, omega-3 fatty acids stand out as a clear success . Scientific studies provide strong evidence that both therapeutic diets enriched with omega-3s and omega-3 supplements (such as fish oil or green-lipped mussel extract) have a notable effect on reducing pain in dogs with osteoarthritis. These beneficial fatty acids work by reducing inflammation in the joints. They achieve this by lowering levels of pro-inflammatory molecules (like IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α) and, conversely, increasing anti-inflammatory mediators. They also help protect cartilage by reducing the activity of enzymes that degrade it. The evidence is compelling: only 2 out of 20 trials on omega-3 products showed no effect . Furthermore, incorporating omega-3s into a complete therapeutic diet offers the added benefit of providing overall balanced nutrition, which is especially important for supporting other bodily functions that may be affected in older dogs. Glucosamine and chondroitin: popular but proven ineffective Despite their widespread popularity, the systematic review delivered a "very marked non-effect" for nutraceuticals primarily based on chondroitin and glucosamine . While laboratory and preclinical studies suggested they might have anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic properties, actual clinical trials in dogs showed a significant lack of effectiveness for pain management. A meta-analysis specifically recommends that these products should no longer be advised for managing osteoarthritis pain in dogs (or cats). One major reason for this lack of efficacy might be their poor absorption into your dog's system: only about 12% of glucosamine hydrochloride and 5% of chondroitin sulfate are absorbed after oral administration. Collagen supplements: to recommend Collagen, particularly undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) or eggshell membrane-derived forms, showed some evidence of efficacy. The main issue here lies not necessarily with the ingredient itself, but with the quality of the studies evaluating it. Many trials were of poor quality, often involving small numbers of dogs, using subjective assessment tools that weren't properly validated, and having limited follow-up periods. Until we conduct more high-quality research, it's safe to make a temporary recommendation for collagen in canine OA. CBD for dogs: promising early results but proceed with caution Cannabinoid-based nutraceuticals, especially cannabidiol (CBD), have shown promising results in recent, high-quality studies published between 2018 and 2021. While most trials demonstrated improvement in dogs with OA, one trial using a lower dose (0.5 mg/kg/day) showed no effect, suggesting that dosage might be a critical factor. While the evidence is encouraging, we need more research to determine the most effective doses, formulations, and combinations for canine osteoarthritis. It's also important to note that studies on CBD use in cats are currently lacking. Other supplements: mixed results require more research The systematic review also looked at other compounds. Composite nutraceuticals, which combine various ingredients like herbal medicines and omega-3s, show some promise, with a few trials demonstrating an analgesic (pain-relieving) effect and a good safety profile. Other compounds like elk velvet antler and Brachystemma calycinum D don extracts also appeared promising in high-quality studies, but we need more evidence to confirm their widespread use. Results for turmeric, another popular natural ingredient, have been conflicting, sometimes showing benefits, sometimes not. Four proven strategies to protect your dog's joints through nutrition Given the scientific evidence, you have clear steps you can take to support your dog's joint health through diet. 1. Make weight management your top priority First, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight is paramount . I cannot stress this enough. When your dog is overweight or obese, they put immense mechanical stress on their joints, exacerbating pain and accelerating joint degeneration. Even a modest amount of weight loss, around 6-9% of their body weight, can significantly reduce lameness and vastly improve your dog's comfort and mobility. Your veterinarian is your best partner in this journey. We can help you determine your dog's ideal body weight and create a safe and effective weight loss plan, usually aiming for a healthy and sustainable rate of 0.5-1% body weight loss per week. 2. Add omega-3 fatty acids to your dog's diet Second, proactively discuss incorporating omega-3 fatty acids into your dog's diet with your veterinarian. Whether through an omega-3-enriched therapeutic diet or a high-quality supplement derived from fish oil or green-lipped mussels, these powerful fatty acids have scientifically proven anti-inflammatory properties that can make a real difference in managing osteoarthritis pain and protecting joint cartilage. 3. Avoid supplements that don't work Third, it's crucial for you to be informed about products that lack proven efficacy. Based on the strong current evidence, products primarily containing chondroitin and glucosamine are not recommended for pain management in canine or feline osteoarthritis. Direct your resources towards interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness and can truly benefit your dog. 4. Approach new options with your pet health expert Finally, while some newer options like cannabidiol (CBD) and certain composite nutraceuticals show promise, they still require more extensive research to fully understand their optimal use. Always have an open conversation with your pet health expert about these or any other supplements you are considering. He can help you evaluate if they might be a suitable addition to your dog's specific treatment plan, considering their individual health needs and any potential interactions. Your next steps for better joint health The connection between your dog's diet and their joint health is profound and backed by solid scientific evidence. Focusing on maintaining a healthy weight, which alleviates direct stress on joints, and incorporating beneficial ingredients like omega-3 fatty acids, which combat inflammation and support cartilage, are two of the most impactful dietary strategies you can adopt. Equally important is understanding that some popular supplements, particularly chondroitin and glucosamine, have been shown to lack significant clinical efficacy for pain management in osteoarthritis and should be avoided. Your veterinarian is your primary resource for navigating these decisions. We can accurately assess your dog's joint health, help establish a realistic ideal body weight, and customize a nutritional plan that includes ingredients with proven benefits while avoiding those that are ineffective. By making informed dietary choices, you are taking a proactive and powerful step toward a more comfortable, active, and joyful life for your cherished canine companion, helping their joints stay as healthy and happy as possible for years to come. Dr. Stefan Novevski Dr. Stefan Novevski is a licensed veterinarian at a small animal clinic specializing in internal medicine, reproduction, dermatology, nutrition, and animal welfare, who continuously updates his expertise through professional development and international clinical experience while prioritizing client education for optimal pet health outcomes. The information in this article is based on the following scientific publications: Anderson, K.L., Zulch, H., O’Neill, D.G., Meeson, R.L. and Collins, L.M. (2020). Risk Factors for Canine Osteoarthritis and Its Predisposing Arthropathies: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, p.220. Barbeau-Grégoire, M., Otis, C., Cournoyer, A., Moreau, M., Lussier, B. and Troncy, E. (2022). A 2022 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Enriched Therapeutic Diets and Nutraceuticals in Canine and Feline Osteoarthritis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23, p.10384. Marshall, W.G., Hazewinkel, H.A.W., Mullen, D., De Meyer, G., Baert, K. and Carmichael, S. (2010). The effect of weight loss on lameness in obese dogs with osteoarthritis. Veterinary Research Communications, 34, pp.241–253. Looking for a solution? Start here Stylla Mobility for dogs Supports mobility and active lifestyle Helps maintain healthy joints and mobility Supports cartilage and connective tissue function Encourages an active lifestyle Made in Switzerland with strict quality standards See Product
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Le L-tryptophane peut-il aider à mieux gérer l’anxiété de votre chien ?
Votre chien souffre-t-il d'anxiété ? Découvrez comment le L-tryptophane, un acide aminé naturel lié à la sérotonine, peut contribuer à réduire le stress chez les chiens. S'appuyant sur des recherches, cet article explique comment l'alimentation, en particulier lorsqu'elle est associée à d'autres ingrédients calmants, peut favoriser l'équilibre émotionnel et le bien-être des chiens anxieux.
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Quand l’assiette influence l’émotion : le lien inattendu entre alimentation et anxiété chez le chien
Le dîner de votre chien peut-il contribuer à réduire son stress ? Une nouvelle étude scientifique répond par l'affirmative. Cet article explore le lien entre l'intestin et le cerveau chez les chiens et la façon dont l'alimentation, en particulier les ingrédients tels que le L-tryptophane, la tyrosine, les oméga-3 et les probiotiques, peut influencer l'humeur, le comportement et les niveaux d'anxiété. Apprenez comment les choix alimentaires peuvent contribuer au bien-être émotionnel de votre chien et découvrez des conseils d'experts pour une alimentation apaisante qui complète le dressage et les soins vétérinaires.
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Transformez les visites de votre chien chez le vétérinaire en expériences positives.
Stepping into a veterinary clinic can feel like navigating a minefield for you as a dog owner. You love your furry companion and want them to receive the best healthcare possible, but witnessing the stress of a vet visit – the trembling, tucked tail, anxious panting, or even growling – can be heartbreaking. Research shows that a significant number of dogs display fear-related behaviors during veterinary visits . This fear complicates examinations, can distort medical measurements, and may escalate into aggression, creating safety risks for everyone involved. Reducing this stress is essential for your dog's well-being, ensuring they receive consistent care throughout their lifetime while creating a positive experience for both you and the veterinary team. The encouraging news is that numerous practical, evidence-based strategies exist that you can implement to help your dog feel more secure and less stressed. Summary Understanding why dogs fear veterinary visits Common stressors from your dog's perspective Preparing at home for a successful vet visit Building comfort through early handling training Essential comfort items to pack Strategic feeding and medication considerations Responsible muzzle training Creating a stress-free clinic experience Managing waiting room anxiety Creating a calmer exam room environment Working with your veterinary team for gentle handling Professional approaches to gentle handling Your active role: becoming the treat dispenser Reading and responding to stress signals Strategies for minimizing pain and discomfort Building positive associations for future visits The power of "happy visits" Behavioral modification through desensitization and counterconditioning Advanced training: cooperative care techniques Establishing a foundation for lifelong veterinary care Understanding why dogs fear veterinary visits For you as the owner, the vet clinic represents health and healing. For your dog, however, it presents an environment filled with unfamiliar and frightening experiences. Fear and anxiety constitute genuine, unpleasant emotional states that your dog experiences acutely. Common stressors from your dog's perspective What makes the veterinary environment so intimidating? Consider it from your dog's perspective: unfamiliar sights, sounds, and smells: the clinic overwhelms your dog with strange animals and people, potent unfamiliar odours like disinfectants or stress pheromones from other animals, and concerning noises like barking or medical equipment. uncomfortable surfaces: smooth or slippery floors and examination tables create instability under your dog's paws, making them feel insecure. leaving home: departing from your dog's familiar home environment triggers stress responses. loss of control: your dog experiences a lack of control in this unpredictable environment, particularly when strangers handle or restrain them. discomfort or pain: previous negative experiences involving discomfort or pain, or anticipating pain, can transform future visits into terrifying ordeals. Each visit where your dog experiences fear intensifies their anxiety for subsequent appointments. Your goal is to break this destructive cycle. Preparing at home for a successful vet visit Preparing your dog before leaving your house can create a remarkable difference in their veterinary experience. Building comfort through early handling training Train your dog to comfortably accept comprehensive handling throughout their body, including examination of their mouth and manipulation of their paws. Use positive reinforcement techniques – consistently rewarding your dog with treats or praise when they calmly accept handling. This familiarizes your dog with examination-type touching within a positive context. Essential comfort items to pack Familiar items provide substantial security for your anxious dog. Pack a blanket or towel from home that carries your dog's familiar scent, transforming a cold, unfamiliar surface into something more secure. Bringing your dog's favoured chews or toys for valuable distraction during stressful periods. Don't rely on regular kibble! Instead, bring small, irresistibly tasty, high-value treats that your dog rarely receives, such as cooked chicken or cheese. These special treats become your secret weapon for creating positive associations throughout the visit. Strategic feeding and medication considerations If your dog doesn't require fasting for a procedure, consider withholding their full meal before the appointment . This makes high-value treats more appealing and effective for distracting and rewarding your dog. For dogs who demonstrate significant fearfulness, your veterinarian might recommend anti-anxiety medication to be administered before leaving home. This isn't about sedation, but helping manage their fear response so they can cope more effectively. Your veterinarian will discuss the most appropriate medication and administration method. Responsible muzzle training If any possibility exists that your dog might snap or bite when frightened, training them to comfortably wear a muzzle using positive reinforcement represents a responsible preventive step. A properly introduced muzzle should become a neutral tool, never associated with punishment. Creating a stress-free clinic experience Once you arrive at the veterinary clinic, numerous strategies remain available to minimize your dog's stress levels. Managing waiting room anxiety Stress frequently begins in the waiting room. Seek clinics that offer separate waiting areas or visual barriers to reduce your dog's contact with other pets. When possible, wait outside or in your car, then call when ready to come inside once an exam room becomes available. Reception staff can help by offering treats to your dog (check for dietary restrictions first). This creates a beneficial association with the clinic environment. Use the comfort items you brought to help your dog relax. Remain mindful of your proximity to other animals, particularly if your dog tends toward resource guarding. Even getting weighed can trigger anxiety. Look for scales with non-slip surfaces and encourage your dog to step on voluntarily, rewarding them generously for cooperation. Creating a calmer exam room environment The examination room, particularly the exam table, often represents the most stressful component of the visit. When appropriate, ask whether smaller dogs can be examined on your lap , where they feel more secure. Non-slip mats on the table or floor are essential for helping your dog feel stable. Research studies indicate that removing animals "to the back" for minor procedures significantly increases stress levels , so request that procedures be performed with you present whenever possible. Veterinary clinics can contribute by maintaining a calm environment through quiet voices and avoiding disruptive noises. Some clinics use soothing music, which may provide additional calming effects. Working with your veterinary team for gentle handling The veterinary team plays a crucial role in minimizing stress through professional handling techniques, but you also maintain an important part in the process. Professional approaches to gentle handling A well-trained veterinary team will employ non-threatening body language when approaching your dog. This includes avoiding leaning directly over your dog, making direct eye contact initially, or approaching head-on. Instead, turning sideways, squatting down, and using smooth, slow movements combined with a calm voice create a less intimidating presence. Minimal restraint should be used whenever possible , as excessive force increases fear and aggression risk. Food can be used strategically to help your dog cooperate willingly. Your active role: becoming the treat dispenser This is where your high-value treats shine! Use them generously throughout the examination to distract your dog and create positive associations. You can provide a steady stream of small treats or offer a lickable paste from a tube while the veterinarian performs procedures. This helps your dog focus on the rewarding experience of eating rather than stressful handling. Reading and responding to stress signals Learn to recognize subtle signs that indicate your dog is becoming stressed : shifting body weight away, crouching, muscle tension, avoiding eye contact, freezing, agitation, or refusing treats. When you observe these warning signs, immediately communicate them to the veterinary team . Reacting early and adjusting the procedure can prevent stress from escalating. Strategies for minimizing pain and discomfort Some procedures, such as injections, remain unavoidable. However, distractions can help reduce your dog's perceived pain . For painful procedures like ear cleanings, your veterinarian may apply topical pain relief. Using the smallest practical needle size and ensuring needles remain sharp helps minimize discomfort. When administering oral medication, hiding it within palatable treats represents the optimal delivery method. Building positive associations for future visits Reducing stress isn't merely about managing your current visit; it's equally about preventing future fear responses and building positive associations over time. The power of "happy visits" Many progressive veterinary clinics encourage "Happy Visits" – brief trips to the clinic where your dog doesn't receive any examination or treatment . The goal is simply to arrive, receive treats from reception staff, step on the scale for a reward, or briefly enter an exam room for treats, then leave positively. These non-medical visits effectively reduce the risk of your dog developing conditioned fears related to the clinic environment. Behavioral modification through desensitization and counterconditioning These represent key behavioral modification techniques for preventing fear and addressing existing negative responses. Desensitization involves gradually exposing your dog to a fearful stimulus at very low intensity that doesn't trigger stress. Counterconditioning involves pairing that low-intensity stimulus with something positive, such as high-value treats. The process involves systematically breaking down examinations into tiny, manageable steps and rewarding your dog for remaining relaxed at each step. If your dog shows stress signs, the step was too challenging, and you need to return to an easier level. The aim is to change your dog's emotional response from fear to positive anticipation. Advanced training: cooperative care techniques Cooperative care training represents an advanced approach where you train your dog using positive reinforcement to voluntarily participate in veterinary procedures. This can involve training specific behaviors, such as presenting a paw for nail trims, opening their mouth for examinations, or standing calmly on a scale. Some dogs can even be trained to signal their readiness to proceed, stopping the procedure if they signal discomfort. Establishing a foundation for lifelong veterinary care Making veterinary visits positive benefits everyone involved. It improves your dog's welfare and health outcomes, reduces your stress, and increases veterinary team safety and satisfaction. Remember that preparation is key : training your dog to accept handling, bringing comfort items and high-value treats, and discussing pre-visit medication with your veterinarian can make a tremendous difference. During visits, focus on creating positive associations through treats and low-stress handling principles. Don't underestimate preventative measures like "Happy Visits" and behavioral training techniques to build your dog's confidence over time. Investing time and effort into these strategies leads to smoother veterinary visits now and contributes to better lifelong health care for your beloved companion. By working collaboratively with your veterinary team, you can help your dog feel safer and more comfortable, transforming vet visits from fearful experiences into something that might even become enjoyable. Dr. Stefan Novevski Dr. Stefan Novevski is a licensed veterinarian at a small animal clinic specializing in internal medicine, reproduction, dermatology, nutrition, and animal welfare, who continuously updates his expertise through professional development and international clinical experience while prioritizing client education for optimal pet health outcomes. The information in this article is based on the following scientific publications: Kato, M., Miyaji, K., Ohtani, N., Ohta, M. (2012). Effects of prescription diet on dealing with stressful situations and performance of anxiety-related behaviors in privately owned anxious dogs. Journal of Veterinary Behavior Clinical Applications and Research, 7, pp. 21-26. Riemer, S., Heritier, C., Windschnurer, I., Pratsch, L., Arhant, C., Affenzeller, N. (2021). A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting. Animals, 11(1), p. 158. Looking for a solution? Start here Stylla Calmness for dogs Supports relaxation and emotional balance with amino acid-based formulation Promotes emotional balance and relaxation Helps maintain balanced behaviour Supports healthy physiological equilibrium Made in Switzerland with strict quality standards See Product
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Les impacts silencieux du stress sur la santé et le bien-être de votre chien
La peur et l'anxiété n'affectent pas seulement le comportement. Elles peuvent nuire à la santé de votre chien et réduire son espérance de vie. Apprenez comment le stress affecte votre animal et comment le réduire.
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Libérer le potentiel de votre chien : comment la L-carnitine peut aider à gérer le poids et à améliorer les performances physiques
La L-carnitine peut favoriser le métabolisme des graisses chez les chiens en surpoids et améliorer la récupération musculaire et l'utilisation de l'énergie. Découvrez comment elle peut être bénéfique pour le poids et la forme de votre chien.
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L'arthrose chez le chien : accompagner votre compagnon à chaque étape de sa vie
L'arthrose est fréquente et progressive, mais elle peut être gérée. Apprenez à repérer les signes précoces et à favoriser le confort et la mobilité de votre chien grâce à un programme complet.
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Pourquoi les niveaux de choline de votre chien peuvent diminuer lors d’un programme de gestion du poids (et comment y répondre efficacement)
La choline favorise le métabolisme des graisses pendant la perte de poids, mais son taux peut baisser en cas de restriction calorique. Découvrez pourquoi elle est importante et comment soutenir le régime alimentaire de votre chien.
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